English Society and Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels...

English Society Exposed in Gullivers Travels In Gullivers Travels, Swift takes us to many places that serve as a looking glass for the foibles of English society, but none of the places are as severe a censure of men as Houyhnhnmland. Here Swift has made a clear division of pure reason, embodied in the Houyhnhnms (maybe he was refering to horse sense), and raw passion, embodied in the Yahoos (which are coincidentally very manlike). Here Gulliver has to make the choice between Houyhnhnms and Yahoos, reason and passion. He initially rejects the Yahoos because of their repulsiveness to him, but at the same time he doesnt embrace the Houyhnhnms either. He still wants to cling in many ways to his English heritage,†¦show more content†¦This fact is horrific if one considers that Gulliver identifies himself with Yahoos. It is a clear attempt to raise himself beyond the lowliness of Yahoos, but at the same time shows his true Yahooness, that he would use the skins of his own kind for his benefit. Even Houyhnhnms dont use the s kins of Yahoos for anything, but maybe Swift is suggesting that one cant escape their nature. Gulliver goes on to express his great gladness for being in Houyhnhnmland and not England, which at the same time allows Swift an oppurtunity to give one of his strongest censures of English society in an explosive rant (like Swift is noted for). I enjoyed perfect health of body, and tranquility of mind; I did not feel the treachery or inconstancy of a friend, nor the inquiries of a secret or open enemy. I had no occasion of bribing, flattering, or pimping to procure the favor of any great man, or of his minion. I wanted no fence against fraud or oppression; here was neither physician to destroy my body, nor lawyer to ruin my fortune; no informer to watch my words and actions, or forge accusations against me for hire; here were no gibers, censurers, backbiters, pickpockets, highwaymen, housebreakers, attorneys, bawds, buffoons, gamesters, politicians, wits, splenetics, tedious talkers, controvertists, ravishers, murderers, robbers,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jonathan Swift s Gulliver s Travels1439 Words   |  6 PagesJonathan Swift, well-known for his stark works of satire, uses his novel Gulliver’s Travels to mock his society and culture and in doing so, he addresses the flaws in man-kind as a whole. He always trie d to give his readers a different perspective on current political and social issues through the pages and chapters of his books. The people who weren’t appalled by his views happened to appreciate his plain way of speaking on actively-discussed topics. While his writing had been relatively eminentRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Narrators in Gullivers Travels and Frankenstein, the Narrative Methods, and the Effects of These Different Ways of Telling a Story in Gullivers Travels and Frankenstein.1595 Words   |  7 Pagescontrast the narrators in Gulliver’s Travels and Frankenstein, the narrative methods, and the effects of these different ways of telling a story in Gulliver’s Travels and Frankenstein. Ravee Chen S2 English H Dr.Freisen 8 April 2010 Word count: 1491 Why do authors use different types of narrators? Jonathan Swift and Mary Shelly have both chosen a first-person narrator in their novels Gulliver’s Travels and Frankenstein. In Gulliver’s Travels the narrator is GulliverRead MoreGullivers Travels: Swifts Opinions Of The English Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature Gullivers Travels . The many humorous stories in Gullivers Travels have appealed to audiences of all ages since the book was written in the early eighteenth century by Jonathan Swift, a political writer (xvii).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gullivers Travels is written as Lemuel Gullivers account of his voyages to the strange lands of Lilliput, Brobdingnag, the kingdom of Laputa, and the land of the Houyhnhnms. Swifts opinions on the English politics of his time are disguised in Gullivers strange encountersRead More Misguided Criticisms of Jonathan Swift Essay2157 Words   |  9 PagesMisguided Criticisms of Jonathan Swift         Ã‚   Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) is quite possibly the greatest satirist in the history of English literature, and is without question the most controversial.   Infuriated by the moral degradation of society in the eighteenth century, Swift wrote a plethora of bitter pieces attacking mans excessive pride, and the critical reception has been one of very mixed reviews.   While few question Swifts skill as a satirist, his savageRead MoreThe Use of Satire in Gullivers Travels903 Words   |  4 Pagesbehaviors and customs. Rather than being judgmental, many writers utilize satire to convey their innovative ideas to change certain aspects of society. From the many writers that used satire to condemn the actions of society, Jonathan Swifts, Gullivers travels, stands as one of the best satirical work in human history. Published in 1726, Gullivers travels is an adventure of Lemuel Gulliver whose voyage turns into a series of disasters to various strange islands where he lives with humans and animalsRead MoreGullivers Travels1043 Words   |  5 PagesGullivers Travels INTRODUCTION Gullivers Travels (1726, amended 1735), officially Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, in Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, is a novel by Irish writer and clergyman Jonathan Swift .This novel is considered both a satire on human nature and a parody of the â€Å"fictional travelogues’ tales literary sub-genre. It is Swifts best known full-length work, and a classic of English literature. The book became tremendously popular as soon as it was publishedRead MoreA Classic Filled With Energy And Controversy2290 Words   |  10 Pagesand satirist Jonathan Swift explains that a person can see beyond something that others don’t see if you put your mind to it. Jonathan Swift did exactly that when creating his famous novel, Gulliver’s Travels. Swift made this novel because he loved writing satire as well as making fun of politicians. In the eighteenth century, he was an Irish clergyman who opposed the British Parliament’s ideas and despised their increasing power over the common people. The idea of Gulliver’s Travels came aboutRead MoreJonathan Swift s Literary Canon Of Politically And Comically Prolific Satires996 Words   |  4 PagesThesis Statement: Jonathan Swift’s literary canon of politically and comically-prolific satires, fantasies, and allegories was seasoned with his exposure to the follies of the economic, religious and go verning institutions of the British Empire, and thus, he sought to lampoon and caricature the current events and social, cultural, religious, and political trends that were so omnipotent during his lifetime. Swift’s exposure to the monarchical mentality and rife factional conflicts pervading the politicalRead MoreJonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels1210 Words   |  5 Pageseverything is perfect. In book four of Gulliver’s travels Gulliver discovers a group of people called the Houyhnhnms and the group displays qualities of a possible utopia. The Houyhnhnms are very rational in their thinking, and try their best to stay away from entertainment and vanity. However the Houyhnhnms could not be considered creators of a utopia because they emphasized unrealistic rules and because of their treatment of the Yahoo people within their society. Instead it is the Lilliputians peopleRead MoreEssay on Satirical Patterns in Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels932 Words   |  4 Pages Gulliver’s Travels:   Satirical Patterns  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jonathan Swift wrote a novel in 1776 called Gulliver’s Travels.   This novel along with all of his other writing followed a satirical pattern.   Because of Swift’s vast knowledge in politics he was capable of creating a masterpiece completely ridiculing the government found in England.   In Gulliver’s Travels, Swift brings us, the readers, to join him on journeys to worlds of complete nonsense.   These worlds are different ways that allow for Swift

Is Wal-Mart Good for America Free Essays

Wal-mart is the most powerful business in America because it sets standards for America as a whole. Wal-mart is one of America’s most leading discount stores making it more favorable to consumers. Wal-mart makes things convenient by having everything you need in one store at the cheapest price. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Wal-Mart Good for America or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wal-mart has an amazing strategy of making things seem cheap; however, it’s an illusion. I believe the United States hasn’t benefitted from Wal-Mart in multiple ways. Walmart has taken advantage of their opening price point. They’re strategy is bringing out the cheapest item in front of an aisle and pulling you towards it, however, as you are pulled towards it, you are led into higher priced items creating the illusion that the whole aisle is at a lower price as well. Consumers fall for it and buy it and that’s how Wal-mart makes a tremendous amount of profit. So does tricking consumers really make Wal-mart a good corporation for America? Another reason why Wal-mart isn’t good for America is pay cuts and job losses. According to PBS Frontline, â€Å"over 1 million jobs have been lost to China.† Jobs that used to be easy to get in America are being lost to China, like steel workers and plastic workers, just for companies like Wal-mart. Wal-mart has too much power over smaller manufacturers. They buy cheap imports which hurt American blue-collar workers tremendously. This shows that Wal-mart is not good for America. How to cite Is Wal-Mart Good for America, Essay examples

Neoliberalism and Productivism and Climate Change

Question: Discuss about the Neoliberalism and Productivism and Climate Change. Answer: Introduction: The public understanding about the causes of illness in Australia has been changing over the years. The beliefs and views held by the people on diseases have been changing depending on the changes experienced. The beliefs that were held by the people who lived in the 19th century are different from the current ones (Donato Segal, 2013). Today, peoples belief on healthcare issues has been influenced by education, technological changes, environmental changes, and the rise of new diseases in the community. Initially, Australians believed that the most serious diseases were measles, scarlet fever, and measles (Wright, et al., 2015). These diseases were associated with abrupt changes in temperature, wet feet, anger, sedentary habits, and night air (Donato Segal, 2013). Such conditions would result into the outbreak of diseases in the community. The view on the causes of illnesses differed from one disease to another (Baba, Brolan Hill, 2014). The Australians believed that cholera was caused by putrid food, and cold fruits like melons and cucumbers. On the other hand, the Australians believed that fever was caused by extreme weather changes, irregular bowels, violent emotion, bad air, and body injuries (Donato Segal, 2013). Modern day Australians believe that diseases have many causes. First, there are a category of diseases caused by inheritance. These are genetic diseases that are transmitted from the parents to the children through the genes. Such diseases include sickle cell anemia, leukemia and others (Wright, et al., 2015). These are the diseases that can be transmitted from the parents to the offspring because they are found in the genes. Secondly, there is a category of diseases caused by disease-causing micro-organisms like bacteria, fungi, and virus. Such illnesses include AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, meningitis, and cancer. The diseases affect an individual if the pathogens gain entry into the body (Wright, et al., 2015). Lastly, there is a category of illnesses caused by environmental factors such as cancer which is caused by smoking (Colton Faunce, 2014). Human behaviors such as smoking and physical inactivity and poor eating habits can result into diseases. The public health principles and approaches in Australia have been changing with time. Australia is a country made up of a population that has different social, cultural, political, and economic diversities (Wright, et al., 2015). In order to address the health challenges facing the society, the government has had to change its principles on many occasions. The need for the changes has been necessitated to research, disease outbreaks, and public understanding on health matters (Lawrence, Richards Lyons, 2013). The health principles have become what they are today because of the efforts of the government to transform the public healthcare system. Research has been conducted to help in understanding the situation on the ground before making changes in the sector (Donato Segal, 2013). All the changes in disease assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and management have been changing in response to the changing situations. For instance, unlike before, Australia nowadays relies on the use of modern technologies such as X-ray, CT scan and many others (Wright, et al., 2015). New therapies have also been adopted to help n managing different conditions. Different theories of public health have always been applied when coming up with new principles and approaches. Some of the most relevant theories of public health used so far are social ecological theories, social cognitive theories, transtheoretical model and stages of change theories, and the health belief model (Gubhaju, et al., 2013). These are theories that can play a significant role in understanding the changes in the socio-economic and cultural position of the society (Wright, et al., 2015). For instance, when addressing the problem of mental illnesses, the behavior of the community is analyzed using the social cognitive theory. The government has been effective in coming up with good interventions to address the challenges facing its healthcare system at different times (Gubhaju, et al., 2013). For example, a proper application of the transtheoretical model and stages of change has been instrumental in formulating responsive approaches and principles for the indigenous communities like the Aboriginals and the Torres Strait Islander people (Donato Segal, 2013). This has been applied in addressing the challenges of the minority groups as the country seeks to realize the desired equality and equity in its healthcare system. Australia has been facing a large number of challenges in its healthcare system. The diseases that were affecting the Australians in the 19th century have changed a great deal (Donato Segal, 2013). Although some diseases still cause problem up-to date, there are so many of them that no longer exist in the country (Brown, O'Shea, Mott, McBride, Lawson Jennings, 2015). At the same time, there is a crop of new diseases that have arisen today. The diseases that were rampant in the 19th century are cholera, measles, pulmonary tuberculosis, small pox, chicken pox, and scarlet fever. Although they caused a lot of suffering and deaths, the prevalence of these ailments is no longer a threat in Australia (Gubhaju, et al., 2013). Today, the country has to deal with new diseases like HHIV/AIDS, diabetes, obesity, malnutrition, malaria, tuberculosis, breast cancer, prostate cancer, liver cirrhosis, and mental disorders such as alcohol dependence, anxiety, sleep disorder, eating disorders, depression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Wright, et al., 2015). The challenges facing the healthcare system have been changing with time. The new diseases have arisen because of the changes in the environment. First, there has been climate change (Lawrence, Richards Lyons, 2013). Research has proven that the existence of global warming has been causing a large number of diseases like cancer. Besides, there has been a lifestyle change that has exposed people to diseases like diabetes, eating disorders, and obesity (Abbott 2014). Australia has an organized health system. It is one of the countries that have the strongest and well-managed health systems in the world. In Australia, healthcare services are provided by collaboration between the government and private sector (Brown, O'Shea, Mott, McBride, Lawson Jennings, 2015).. The government, being at the top of the countrys leadership, is the overall authority in the country. The role of the federal government is therefore to control all the health matters, formulate and enforce health-related policies in the country (Eckermann Sheridan, 2016). Below the federal government, power is given to the state and territory governments which have a responsibility of overseeing the health issues within their areas. The government of Australia has been coming up with policies to manage its healthcare system. In terms of funding, the government has come up with Medicare which was founded in 1984 to support the sector (Brown, O'Shea, Mott, McBride, Lawson Jennings, 2015). The support provided by the federal government has enabled the country to have a hospital bed to population ratio of 1 to 244 and a doctor-patient ration of 1 to 322 (Russell, 2013). References Abbott, K.W. (2014). Strengthening the transnational regime complex for climate change. Transnational Environmental Law, 3(01), pp.57-88. Baba, J.T., Brolan, C.E. Hill, P.S., (2014). Aboriginal medical services cure more than illness: a qualitative study of how Indigenous services address the health impacts of discrimination in Brisbane communities. International journal for equity in health, 13(1), p.1. Brown, A., O'Shea, R.L., Mott, K., McBride, K.F., Lawson, T. Jennings, G.L., (2015). A strategy for translating evidence into policy and practice to close the gap-developing essential service standards for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cardiovascular care. Heart, Lung and Circulation, 24(2), pp.119-125. Colton, C., Faunce, T. (2014). Commissions of audit in Australia: health system privatisation directives and civil conscription protections. Journal of law and medicine, 21(3), 561- 571. Donato, R. Segal, L., (2013). Does Australia have the appropriate health reform agenda to close the gap in Indigenous health?. Australian Health Review, 37(2), pp.232-238. Eckermann, S., Sheridan, L. (2016). Supporting Medicare Health, Equity and Efficiency in Australia: Policies Undermining Bulk Billing Need to Be Scrapped. Applied health economics and health policy, 14(5), 511-514. Gubhaju, L., et al. (2013). The overall health and risk factor profile of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants from the 45 and up study. BMC public health, 13(1), p.1. Lawrence, G., Richards, C. Lyons, K., (2013). Food security in Australia in an era of neoliberalism, productivism and climate change. Journal of Rural Studies, 29, pp.30-39. Russell, L.M., (2013). Reports indicate that changes are needed to close the gap for Indigenous health. Med J Aust, 199(11), pp.1-2. Wright, C. F., et al., (2015). Genetic diagnosis of developmental disorders in the DDD study: a scalable analysis of genome-wide research data. The Lancet, 385(9975), 1305-1314.

Riots †Big Brother Isn’t Watching You Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"A natural state or disruptive perturbation created by a big figure of people† . this is one of the many definitions available when you search for the word â€Å"Riot† . Some definitions province that the commotion is created because a group of people have a common intent. What is general through all of these definitions is that words like noisy. violent. incendiarism. upset and perturbation all reoccure. If people have a common end for desiring to cast visible radiation on something. so how come they find it necessary to utilize force to acquire their beliefs across? Isn’t that a spot old fashioned and caveman-ish? In August last twelvemonth. London suffered through a great trade of public violences. they were all over the metropolis. and they gained a batch of attending from the remainder of the universe. London is normally a really civil topographic point. and people frequently think of the English niceness. We will write a custom essay sample on Riots – Big Brother Isn’t Watching You Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page this nevertheless did non suit into the image of the English gentlemen. Shops were destroyed. things were lit on fire and some people even died. The inquiry is ; why did this hold to go on? In the article â€Å"Big brother isn’t watching you† the writer. Russel Brand. presents the thought that it all might hold been a response to the unfair violent death of a immature adult male. by a police officer. The immature adult male whose name was Mark Duggan. was besides a black adult male. this created a whole new degree of contention to the mix. Be it a mark of the London police’s hatred of black people? Had such an racialist act truly taken topographic point right under peoples olfactory organs? It’s difficult to state whether or non the offense truly merely was a error. or there were some implicit in racialist feelings behind it. the instance hasn’t even been closed yet. No affair the reply to this it was plenty to illume fire to a heap of dried out subdivisions. who were merely waiting to be used. It’s non the first clip London has experienced jobs with the different cultural groups. an issue which had been suppressed for some clip. the decease of Mark Duggan acted as a kind of accelerator for people to take up the battle they had been waiting for. If you plus this with the youths’ general contempt for the constabulary force. you’ve got a re asonably solid base for a public violence. The ‘fore mentioned contempt. is besides one of the topics in Russel brands’ article. He explains how he besides was attracted to the anarchist manner of thought and their dark image. To him it was a manner to make full a null inside him. and I think for a batch of people it is. You get to belong someplace and you have a end and a purpose all of a sudden. Life must look easy ; you know who the good cats are and who the bad cats are. Politicians are bad people ; the constabulary are power hungry. headless imbeciles who love to demo their high quality. I believe that people are entitled to believe what they want. I’d instead non that people were racist or sexist. but it’s truly difficult to alter peoples’ heads. I do nevertheless mind when people are violent. And that is the existent job with these public violences. Some of these immature nihilists are contending for a cause they believe in. and in comes person who merely feels angry and wants to make harm. I think it’s apprehensible that some immature people feel that they need to make full the nothingness indoors. it is in some ways a really easy clip to be a immature individual. partic ularly in a reasonably privileged topographic point like England. but in other ways it’s truly hard. When the immature people have finished their instruction. there aren’t any occupations waiting for them. But it’s non in any manner wholly right to travel around nailing Windowss. puting things on fire and crushing up others. Unfortunately these sort of public violences. that start out as presentations. pull all the worst sorts of people. like moths to a fire. We saw the same thing when the immature people of Denmark demonstrated to maintain their ungdomshus. violent people flew in from all over the universe under the camouflage of being militants. Alternatively of experiencing compassionate with the immature people. people began to fear them and believe that they were the existent job. It’s tragic that this is the manner it goes. and there are many more cases when this has happened. Cause it’s non merely the non-violent militant. the constabulary. the people of the state and the store and auto proprietors that suffer when a public violence takes topographic point. it’s besides the cause behind it. Peoples forget why they’re combat. and the public violence begins to take the headlines. alternatively of what was truly of import. It seems as though public violences are inevitable. they are rarely but they appear. Until we learn to understand each other to the full. without holding to fall back to force. they will likely still be here. One thing we can make. is to seek to learn immature childs the importance of being pacificists and that force is non the reply. that manner we can possibly be pro-active. One thing I think is truly of import is that we do non bury to clap those who create a truly successful presentation. one that really changes the position of things. So maintain on contending with words non arms. and delight go forth the guiltless people. and their properties. entirely. otherwise people might hold to show against you and so we’ve got a neer stoping rhythm.

Literature Review of Recruitment and Selection in International Human Resource Management Essay Example

Literature Review of Recruitment and Selection in International Human Resource Management Essay Example Literature Review of Recruitment and Selection in International Human Resource Management Paper Literature Review of Recruitment and Selection in International Human Resource Management Paper Literature review of Recruitment and Selection in International Human Resource Management Introduction Staffing is one of the main functions on Human Resource Management, refer to International Human Resource Management perspective, staffing will be more important on the managing by the headquartered company to their subsidiaries in order to gain more competitive advantage for them. As a company want to achieve the mind of globalization, they must choose a suitable staffing approach in order to doing business successfully not only in the domestic also in the international environment. Maral Muratbekova-Touron (2008) stated that â€Å"One of the main issues facing the development of the global companies has always been to find the right balance between the local autonomy between subsidiaries and the control of the corporate headquarters. †, it related to how the company recruit and select their staffs in their subsidiaries. In the present paper will concentrate on the international staffing approaches in global companies, and there has four different approaches to managing and staffing their international subsidiaries. The following literature reviews will attempt to explain that four approaches and point out what is the advantage and disadvantage of each approach in the internationalization process of the company. Approaches to Managing and Staffing Global Subsidiaries In research text book by Ball, et al. (2008), it was explained these four approaches in detail, they are Ethnocentric approach, Polycentric approach, Geocentric approach and Regiocentric Approach. Ethnocentric approach is related to the company employing and promoting the Parent-country nationals (PCNs) in their subsidiaries which the employee are the citizen of the nation in the parent company; Polycentric approach is related to employing and promoting the Host-country nationals (HCNs) in their subsidiaries which the employees are the citizen of the nation in the operating subsidiaries; Geocentric approach is related to the company employing and promoting the employees base on their ability and experience, this approach can refer the ompany select the best person for the job without any consideration of the citizenship; and Regiocentric approach is related to the company employing and promoting the employees which they are the citizen on the basis of the specific region in the operating subsidiaries, it can be HCNs or Third-country nationals (TCNs) which the employees are the citizen of neither the parent company nation nor the host country. Ball, et al. 2008) Ethnocentric ap proach refer to the staffing policy base on the PCNs, therefore the clear advantages come up immediately for the headquarters are the communication and control, the PCNs are familiar the policies and practices or working-style of the headquarters, or the PCN staff was training in the headquarters already. (Ball, et al. 2008) As Kathy Monks, et al. 2001) stated â€Å"In the very early stages of internationalization, the staffing policies of the majority were largely ethnocentric in character, an approach which is relatively common at this stage in the internationalization process where a company is setting up a new business process or product in another country, and knowledge of the company’s culture and reporting systems is considered essential†, it shows the Ethnocentric approach are common at the early stage of internationalization process in the multinational or transnational companies, because the controlling and communicating is very important at that stage, therefore, the companies would like to employ the PCNs in order to fully control their subsidiaries at the early stage of internationalization process. Another reason also make Ethnocentric approach are common at the internationalization process is the cost of the company. As Brewster (1988, pg. 18 ) noted, â€Å"Despite the impor tance of expatriate positions, the high costs associated with expatriation and the extensive and largely non-productive â€Å"running-in† periods, it is still the case that most organizations provide no formal training for expatriation†. Overall Ethnocentric approach implies a centralized system with authority high at headquarters with much communication in the form of orders, commands, and advice. Standards for evaluation and control will also be determined centrally and with low pressures for cost reduction and low pressure for local (subsidiary) responsiveness. But the disadvantages of Ethnocentric approach such as the PCNs have language barriers or they have different culture background with the local (subsidiary) customer, it may result a high cost training in long term or the PCNs may not familiar the positions or demands of the local (subsidiary) marketplace. (Ball, et al. 2008; Norma D’Annunzio-Green, 1997) Polycentric approach refer to the staffing policy base on the HCNs, as Christoph Dorrenbacher, et al. (2010) stated â€Å"HCNs on the other hand are seen as basically having a local (subsidiary) orientation, due to their socialization in the host country and their familiarity with the social, political and economic environment of the host country† It can show Polycentric approach provide a high level of local responsiveness in the subsidiaries. It can be prove by another research article, Norma D’Annunzio-Green (1997) also stated â€Å"Polycentric approach implies a widely dispersed authority, little communication between headquarters and subsidiary, and standards for evaluation and control mostly determined locally. There for the less control and order from the headquarters to the subsidiary will be made, the subsidiary also start to be independent in their local area, that mean the company start to doing well and the business is stable in the local (subsidiary) area. The Polycentric approach also has other advantages such as reduce the cost of the local (subsidiary) training programs, and the headquarters will get more information or hints of the local (subsidiary) market development or competition. But according to the non-close relationships between the headquarters and subsidiaries, the subsidiaries are often unfamiliar with the headquarters’ corporate culture, policies and practices. (Ball, et al. 2008) Geocentric approach refer to the staffing policy base on the ability of the staffs, no matter where are they come from, Banai (1999) stated †The geocentric staffing policy seeks the best people for key jobs throughout the organization regardless of their nationality† And Norma D’Annunzio-Green (1997) also stated â€Å"The geocentric ideal involves more integration between centre and subsidiaries to ensure close co-operation between the different parts of the organization, and implementing both universal and local standards for evaluation and control. †It point out the Geocentric approach can bring a lots of different experience and different corporation practices rom the staffs, through these different experience and corporation, the firm can has a better performance in the international co-operation of the company and it also facilitates the development of an international team, and the international team can fully managing the local subsidiary, and they ca n managing the other subsidiary in different area. But Geocentric approach may cost more (both on money and time) on the training or other issue such as working permit. (Ball, et al. 2008) Timothy Dean Keeley (2001) gave a very good conclusion of the Geocentric approach, he noted â€Å"Geocentric firms seek to co-ordinate decision-making among the subsidiaries and headquarters. The organization is balanced between centralized and decentralized in order to effectively and efficiently employ all types of resources on a global basis. † Therefore the subsidiary can be considered as more independent in the international market which managing by the international team. Regiocentric approach refer to the staffing policy base on the region of the subsidiaries, it is without consideration of the nations of citizenship. Therefore it can be HCNs or TCNs and it has similar function of the Geocentric approach. Farrokh Safavi (1991) stated â€Å"A regiocentric orientation has assumed that management development needs within a geographic region are sufficiently similar for application of a unified approach, but different from the needs of other regions. † And the Ball, et al. (2008) point out a disadvantage of the regiocentric, he stated â€Å"The disadvantages often encountered when using employees from the home or host country can sometimes be avoided by sending third country nationals (TCNs) to fill management posts. In the International Human Resource Management, Regiocentric approach is slightly similar with the Geocentric approach, but the Regiocentric approach is limit to consider on the local region and the Geocentric approach is more consider on the global basis. Conclusion Overall the literature reviews above, the different staffing approach was give different effect in the internationalization process of the company, but we can find out, the different approach can apply in the different stage of the company. The Ethnocentric approach refer to the early stage of the internationalization process, because during the early stage, the company need a fully control of the subsidiaries, and they need the subsidiaries fully achieve the order from the headquarters, therefore, the ethnocentric approach will suitable in the early stage of the internationalization process. After the early stage, the company want to increase the competitive advantage of the subsidiaries, therefore, the polycentric approach can increase the local responsiveness and they need to have better knowledge of the local marketplace, so the polycentric approach will suitable in this middle stage; In the finally stage, the company want to have both function from the ethnocentric approach and the polycentric, they need to complete the internationalization process in order to become a global company, therefore the geocentric approach and regiocentric approach will apply in this stage, it can help to company to develop an international team to manage all the subsidiaries of the company. It can prove by James Kelly, as she stated in the article â€Å"companies become more international they usually develop from ethnocentric to polycentric and finally geocentric or regiocentric staffing and development policy†. Therefore the geocentric and Regiocentric can be consider as a expan sion of the polycentric approach.

Key Facts About the War on Drugs

Key Facts About the War on Drugs What Is the War on Drugs? The War on Drugs is a general term used to refer to the federal governments attempts to end the import, manufacture, sale, and use of illegal drugs. Its a colloquial term that does not refer in any meaningful way to a specific policy or objective, but rather to a series of anti-drug initiatives that are vaguely directed towards the common goal of ending drug abuse. Origin of the Phrase War on Drugs President Dwight D. Eisenhower began what The New York Times then called a new war on narcotic addiction at the local, national, and international level with the establishment of an Interdepartmental Committee on Narcotics on November 27, 1954, which was responsible for coordinating executive branch anti-drug efforts. The phrase War on Drugs first came into common use after President Richard Nixon used it at a press conference on June 17, 1971, during which he described illegal drugs as public enemy number one in the United States. Chronology of Federal Anti-drug Policy 1914: The Harrison Narcotics Tax Act regulates the distribution of narcotics (heroin and other opiates). Federal law enforcement will later incorrectly classify cocaine, a central nervous system stimulant, as a narcotic and regulate it under the same legislation.​1937: The Marijuana Tax Act extends federal restrictions to cover marijuana.1954: The Eisenhower administration takes a significant, albeit largely symbolic, step in establishing a U.S. Interdepartmental Committee on Narcotics.1970: The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 establishes federal anti-drug policy as we know it. Human Cost of the War on Drugs According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 55% of federal prisoners and 21% of state-level prisoners are incarcerated on the basis of drug-related offenses. This means that over a half million people are presently incarcerated as a result of anti-drug laws- more than the population of Wyoming. The illegal drug trade also sustains gang activity, and is indirectly responsible for an unknown number of homicides. (The FBIs Uniform Crime Reports describe 4% of homicides as being directly attributable to the illegal drug trade, but it plays an indirect role in a much larger percentage of homicides.) Monetary Cost of the War on Drugs According to the White Houses National Drug Control Strategy Budgets, as cited in Action Americas Drug War Cost Clock, the federal government alone is projected to spend over $22 billion on the War on Drugs in 2009. State spending totals are harder to isolate, but Action America cites a 1998 Columbia University study which found that states spent over $30 billion on drug law enforcement during that year. Constitutionality of the War on Drugs The federal governments authority to prosecute drug-related offenses theoretically stems from Article Is Commerce Clause, which grants Congress the authority to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes- but federal law enforcement targets drug offenders even when the illegal substance is manufactured and distributed only within state lines. Public Opinion Regarding the War on Drugs According to an October 2008 Zogby poll of likely voters, 76% describe the War on Drugs as a failure. In 2009, the Obama administration announced that it would no longer use the phrase War on Drugs to refer to federal anti-drug efforts, the first administration in 40 years not to do so.

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Art History - Essay Example f culture that mystify the Europeans such as the political dominion and other ideologies, which suggested that the degree of realism cannot be ignored (Nochlin 34). Images of orientalists cannot be analyzed without clarifying the clarity. For example, the Jean-Leone Gerome Snake Charmer art work of 1860. It was considered as the visual document portraying 19th century colonial ideas. It focused on Asian language of a transparent naturalism. The methodology employed by Orientals when creating their paintings is quite an admirable aspect. This is because they are able to involve the audience. The other mystifying acts of the Europeans depiction of the oriental comes into being when they take a photograph of the Oriental towns without ever having time to study them perfectly, in an expression specifically known as ‘touristic presence’(Nochlin 37). The European in the paintings are depicted as being only the gazers who finally bring the Asian world into life as intended. According to Orientalist painter Gerome, the strategy was to make viewers see the reflections of the Oriental reality. Black people especially the female, were depicted in various paintings to give aesthetic value to white merchants. For example (Nochlin 49) says that â€Å"the presence of black servant in Moorish Bath scenes serves connotative as well as ethnic purposes†. From Jean-Leone Gerome’s painting of The Slave Market, it should also be noted that slaves were from the inferior culture and that they were traded according to their complexion, gender as well as sexuality. Trading of attractive women was done inside the opera house. The merchants were not the typical Orientals but civilized Parisians. The women in question usually dressed up provocatively to attract buyers willing to part with their money. There is one particular painting known as Manet of Olympia where a black maid was used to indicate sexual naughtiness, but also treated less as compared to a lovely white figure. Sultan

Research on Project Quality Management in China Paper

On Project Quality Management in China - Research Paper Example The recent decades have seen most countries implement new techniques that are geared towards producing the best results out of an initiated project however small it may be. Most industrialized and urbanized nations, China inclusive, have recently concentrated on quality improvement plans, ensuring appropriate standards in the quality of their products and services in order to fit in the global economics. Generally, quality management is the process by which an implementer of a particular project ensures that the value of the project at hand is able to satisfy his clientele in the best way possible. Quality is the characteristic of an item meeting the required standards by the customers or a producer or the government, as well as giving the producer a value of business sustainability and increased performance (Cleland and Gareis, 2006). Techniques of project quality management that are desirable are those that make sure that the deliverables of a particular project are able to meet th e expectations of customers or even go beyond these expectations. Therefore, monitoring a project in the best way possible is considered ample, since errors and chances of project misinterpretations are duly eradicated. Additionally, standards of quality are deemed vital in the implementation of any project, and the meeting of such standards is made possible through the application of suitable plans to manage a project. Planning of a project is important because it helps ensure the effectiveness of the factors that influence project management as well as the activities that are conducted by the project stakeholders. Quality is at the same time acquired through a certain series of processes that are continually handled until the best result is acquired. Thus, no project incepts at its best level, but all start at a poor level tending towards the best. More over, it is crucial that project implementation team communicate appropriately with the project stakeholders in order to lay the best foundation for quality improvement that is continuous. Thus, when planning the budget for every project, it is crucial that quality be put into consideration. It is always good to emphasize on quality and not quantity for a stakeholder willing to give the best and not only to gain (Cleland and Gareis, 2006). This paper is aimed at investigating into the project quality management in China, being one of the most industrialized countries. Additionally, it will seek to establish the policies, quality control, as well as the techniques that are duly applied in the country. It is also important to come up with a definite reason as to why Chinese products, despite being of low quality are prevalent in the world. More over, it will seek to investigate into project management in china, in regard to the aspect of globalization. Furthermore, it is geared towards providing an insight on quality standards in regard to the management of quality by Chinese

Spinal Stenosis Essay Example for Free

Spinal Stenosis Essay False teachers were saying that self-control was not needed because deeds do not help the believers anyway. Peter continued to encourage believers to remain strong in their faith, by condemning the false teachers and defending the Parousia doctrine and difficulties of the last days. quickstudy. com) John also wrote a letter to the believers to get them back on track, to show the difference between light and darkness, and to encourage the church to grow in genuine love for God and for one another. This letter was to also assure the believers of eternal life and genuine faith so they could enjoy the full benefit of their position of children of god. A second letter was written to warn believers against supporting false teachers. John also addressed the importance of Christian responsibility to support preachers and missionaries. Later John wrote a third letter addressed to Galius, the importance of hospitality, in which Galius was later commended for. Diotrephes was condemned for his lack of hospitality and wanting to take control of the church. (3 John 9:10) The sins of the church such as pride, jealousy, and slander are still present in the church. This problem had to be confronted, so that it will not continue to grow in the church. A short letter was written by Jude, who is the brother of James and half brother of Jesus†, denouncing an unidentified group of heretics and defending Christian’s traditions. (quickstudy. com) Jude illustrates attitudes from typical false teachers, which are pride, jealousy, greed, lust for power, and disregard of God’s will. Jude gives examples: 1) Cain, who murdered his brother out of vengeful jealousy (Genesis 4:1-16) 2) Balaam, who prophesied out of gre ed, not out of obedience to God’s command (Numbers 22-24). The Revelations was written by John to assure Christians the return of Christ and unveiling of hidden realities. (quickstudy. com) He denounces evil and exhorts people to high Christian standards. He offers hope rather than gloom, John was not attempting to predict the future; he was only describing what God had shown. In conclusion the letters written by Paul, Peter, John and Jude were to make the believers aware of the problems in the church. Those letters were also intended to assure Christians of triumph of Christ through the apostles and symbols. Near the end of John’s life he received a vision from God, John then recorded and wrote the book of Revelation. The Revelation was probably the last works by the church in the first century. References: Life application study bible- NIV. (2005). Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale Publishers. Niswonger, R. (1992). New Testament history. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Smith

An Interpretation of the Ghost :: science

An Interpretation of the Ghost Ghost is something that some believe and some won't. But still most of them get frighten to some extend, when they watch terrific horror films. Perhaps it is due to the terrific sounds or special effects that imposes ones mind. But there is a specific science that has the ability to explain the concepts of the spirits or ghosts called Adhyathma (A study centered around the soul)in the Ancient Indian script. According to the teachings of the ancient scripture Bhagavad Gita, the brain (and the body in general) is only a mechanical device used by the spirit soul (the actual self). It is described that just as a passenger rides in a chariot, in the same way the spirit soul is riding in this vehicle of the body. The scriptures state that one who commits suicide will have to remain as a ghost for the period of time that one's body was supposed to exist. A ghost is nothing but a person with no physical body. According to the sankhya system, our body is made up of two coverings, the sukshma-sharira (subtle body) and the sthula-sharira (gross body). The gross body is made up of the panca-bhutas (earth, water, fire, air and ether), and the subtle body is made up of the mind (manas), intelligence (buddhi) and identification (ahankara). It is the subtle body which accompanies the soul into the next body at the time of death. The gross physical body has a particular duration of existence based on one's prarabdha karma(results of the deeds of his previous incarnation).When one commits suicide, one brings one's physical body to an end prior to it having completed it's allotted time. One's next body is prepared in the akasha (ether), ready to manifest at the end of one's allotted time (the normal death of one's physical body). Thus if one was supposed to live for 100 years, one's next body will be waiting for you after that 100 years. If for some reason one were to commit suicide at the age of 50, then one's next body will not be ready, and one will remain in an ethereal state until the balance 50 years of existence pass. This state of existing as a ghost is a great suffering for the individual, as they lack the senses through which to act. The desires to act remain, as the mind, intelligence and identification of the subtle body are still existing. An Interpretation of the Ghost :: science An Interpretation of the Ghost Ghost is something that some believe and some won't. But still most of them get frighten to some extend, when they watch terrific horror films. Perhaps it is due to the terrific sounds or special effects that imposes ones mind. But there is a specific science that has the ability to explain the concepts of the spirits or ghosts called Adhyathma (A study centered around the soul)in the Ancient Indian script. According to the teachings of the ancient scripture Bhagavad Gita, the brain (and the body in general) is only a mechanical device used by the spirit soul (the actual self). It is described that just as a passenger rides in a chariot, in the same way the spirit soul is riding in this vehicle of the body. The scriptures state that one who commits suicide will have to remain as a ghost for the period of time that one's body was supposed to exist. A ghost is nothing but a person with no physical body. According to the sankhya system, our body is made up of two coverings, the sukshma-sharira (subtle body) and the sthula-sharira (gross body). The gross body is made up of the panca-bhutas (earth, water, fire, air and ether), and the subtle body is made up of the mind (manas), intelligence (buddhi) and identification (ahankara). It is the subtle body which accompanies the soul into the next body at the time of death. The gross physical body has a particular duration of existence based on one's prarabdha karma(results of the deeds of his previous incarnation).When one commits suicide, one brings one's physical body to an end prior to it having completed it's allotted time. One's next body is prepared in the akasha (ether), ready to manifest at the end of one's allotted time (the normal death of one's physical body). Thus if one was supposed to live for 100 years, one's next body will be waiting for you after that 100 years. If for some reason one were to commit suicide at the age of 50, then one's next body will not be ready, and one will remain in an ethereal state until the balance 50 years of existence pass. This state of existing as a ghost is a great suffering for the individual, as they lack the senses through which to act. The desires to act remain, as the mind, intelligence and identification of the subtle body are still existing.

Industry Analysis Chipotle Essay

The fast food, or quick service restaurant industry (QSR), represents approximately 200,000 restaurants and $155 billion in sales in the U.S. alone, they are one of the largest segments of the food industry (Hoovers, 2011). This segment of the restaurant industry is â€Å"highly competitive and fragmented†¦ number, size and strength of competitors vary by region, market and even restaurant. All of these restaurants compete based on a number of factors, including taste, quality, speed of service, price and value, name recognition, restaurant location, customer service and the ambience and condition of each restaurant† (Chipotle, 2010). The QSR industry is seeing growth due to the fact that today’s society is more strapped for time than ever. According to the American Sociological Review, â€Å"more than 50% of American families are dual earner household†¦multitasking allows parents to accomplish more within a limited amount of time† (Offer & Schneider, 2011). However, with both heads of the house working part-time or full time jobs people have less time to prepare meals and QSRs offer another way for these families to multitask and save time. In 2011 the QRS industry saw stock values beat the overall restaurant market. Bloomberg U.S. Quick-Service Restaurant Index, gained 13.5 percent while the full service restaurant index dropped by 1 percent (Wolf, 2012). Competitive Analysis  New Entrant Threat While entry into the quick service industry has low barriers (Cambrian Group, 2011) it is highly competitive and has high saturation. Only 40-50% of new entrants will survive their first year and see profits (Paiz et. al., 2011 p.4). While many of players in the QSR industry are franchises, approximately 300,000 (Franchise Direct), Chipotle operates differently. All of their locations are company owned and have relatively low start up costs (â€Å"Chipotle Mexican Grill†, 2007). Due to this Chipotle is able to grow their bottom line much quicker than new entrants into the same markets. While others may see low success rate in the first year due to start up costs, Chipotle is able to effectively generate profit and growth quickly. Rivalry In the sub-category for quick service Mexican restaurants, Chipotle competes with Qdoba, Moe’s Southwest Grill, Baja Fresh, Taco Bell and El Pollo Loco. Mexican quick service accounts for $5 billion of the $20 billion market (Cambrian Group, 2011). At the end of 2010 Taco Bell held the largest market share among Mexican QSRs with 52% of the market and 5,635 locations in the U.S. and 262 locations in 21 foreign countries (Yum! Brands, 2011). Qdoba in contrast holds locations in 42 states for a total of 583 locations (Jack in the Box, 2011). Threat of Substitutions Chipotle faces 6 major substitutes, McDonald’s, Yum! Brands, Wendy’s/Arby’s Group, Burger King, Jack in the Box (owner of Qdoba), and Doctor’s Associates Inc. (owner of Subway) which occupy 35.5% of the market (Paiz et. al., 2011, p.6). These QSRs offer dine-in, carry-out and delivery services and have been in the market longer than Chipotle (Chipotle, 2010). In addition to this they use a much broader marketing plan which includes, print, radio, and television advertisements which Chipotle does not; relying mainly on radio and billboards (â€Å"Burrito Buzz†, 2007). Chipotle actually â€Å"spends less in a year on advertising than McDonald’s Corp. spends in 48 hours† relying mainly on word of mouth (â€Å"Burrito Buzz†, 2007). Many of these substitutes have diversified their menus. While Chipotle’s menu is standard in all of their locations others in the industry now offer menu items that focus on consumer preferences. Low carbohydrates, low calorie, and low fat options are showing up more often on menus. Many also emphasize lower-cost, â€Å"value meal† menu options, which Chipotle has not yet looked at pursing (Chipotle, 2010). Power of Buyers The quick service restaurant industry has relatively high price elasticity due to the fact that fast food is not essential to customers and therefore relies heavily on the customer’s choice preferences and disposable income. Changes in customer preferences, general economic conditions, discretionary spending priorities, demographic trends, traffic patterns and the type, number and location of competing restaurants have a moderate effect on the restaurant industry (Chipotle, 2010). One example of customer preferences being a driver in the industry is the â€Å"Whole Food-ism Movement† which has put a large focus on organic, antibiotic-free, and non-processed foods (Mansolillo, 2007). Consumers now look for healthier options when eating and an overall healthier lifestyle. Chipotle has been able to benefit from this movement by carrying on their â€Å"Food with Integrity† mission (Chipotle, 2010). Due to economic downturn the strength of the buyers’ power has increased as the industry looks to gain consumers with pricing strategies much like those of McDonald’s â€Å"Value Menu† and combination meals even though the cost of commodities have gone up (James, 2010). Customers of QSRs are looking for quality food without high costs. While Chipotle does not have a value menu or offer any type of combination meal much of their success is due to the fact that the customers are willing to pay a higher cost for higher-quality (Chipotle, 2010). Power of Suppliers: While the Chipotle’s mission is to use naturally raised, sustainable, local and organic products sets the company apart from others in the industry it also creates a larger supplier power when compared with other restaurants in the industry (Cambrian Group, 2011). The pool of suppliers that Chipotle can purchase from is much smaller and thus does not allow for Chipotle to control the prices paid for products. Due to the fact that Chipotle’s purchases are regionalized and in most instances purchased ingredient by ingredient they may experience higher costs in some areas then others. In addition the purchase approach creates the potential for food shortages from suppliers resulting from weather related issues, such as freezes in Mexico and Florida or could lead to temporary spikes in the prices of some ingredients such as tomatoes and avocados (Jennings, 2011). Power of other Stakeholders There are a number of stakeholders that can affect a company’s profitability. Most companies define who their stakeholders are they typically include customers, employees and shareholder (Enz, 2010). First and foremost government entities, communities, and special interest groups have an impact on the industry as a whole (Wheelen & Hunger, 2010). The restaurant industry can be affected by changes in food safety guidelines, building codes and labor laws just to name a few. Chipotle CEO Steve Ells has also been one of the key individuals that testified to Congress in 2009 to eliminate the use of antibiotics in ranching to try to change current government ranching regulations which in turn could have large affect on the profits of Chipotle and others in the industry (Chipotle Story, n.d.). Chipotle also understands that their employees are an integral part in creating the environment and culture that the company portrays and a significant stakeholder. The image of Chipotle starts with the people. Due to the high turnover in the fast food industry Chipotle looks for ways to keep quality employees by â€Å"empowering, educating, and training to increase internal promotions, cultural sensitivity, and communication skills as well as by providing continuing English language education to all employees who request it† (People Are People Too, n.d). Chipotle has taken steps to appeal to special interest groups that focus on the humane treatment of animals, and eco-friendly processes. By doing so they have identified a niche market focused on a healthier and more organic approach to quick service food. Being one of the first to focus on such an approach has allowed them to attract a loyal following before their competition. Being one of the first companies of its kind in the fast food industry also means that in order to maintain their current customer base Chipotle must continue to find new ways to set themselves apart from copy cat companies. One of those ways is to ensure that they continue to look for ways to make a positive impact on the environment like the creation of the nation’s first Platinum LEED certified restaurant in Gurnee, IL (Sustainable Design, n.d.). Summary Chipotle has experienced early success and loyalty because of their unique approach to quick service Mexican food focused on their â€Å"Food with Integrity† mission. They have experienced rapid growth and profit even in a period of economic downfall, increases in food costs, and a competitive industry. Moreover Chipotle appeals to society’s desire for a more economically friendly business and a healthier way of living.

Growth In Writing

Writing is one of my favorite things to do. Expressing yourself is so much easier when given time to think about what needs to be said. I would like to believe that I have a very rich writing history. I keep a journal of all my daily events. I also keep a book close by so if I think of any poems I can write them down right away. My favorite piece of writing was a story that I wrote in my first semester English class. The name of the story was Fade. This Semester two of my classes will require me to turn in written assignments. This semester should not be two difficult in terms of how much writing I have to do. From my preliminary observations I can tell that I will have one short paper due in Art History 107 class. Although I only have one paper I have one paper, I have two essay exams in my History class. I believe that with some help the writing portion of this semester should be successful. The Art History paper has to be two pages long. I have to go to a museum and compare two of the exhibits to each other. Professor Cutis said that the first page of the paper should be talking about my reactions to the exhibits using the vocabulary that we learned in class. The second page should discuss the different time periods and there affects on how the critics might have critiqued the works of art. Also, we have to describe what kind of techniques the artist might have used and why. The most difficult part of this paper I believe will be trying to utilize the vocabulary that my professor wants us to use, and figuring out the right ways to critique the art. As for my essay exams in History, I have had a problem getting the right amount of details incorporated with the facts. I talked to my History professor and he said that the best way to know which details to add is to, read and re-read the notes from our lectures. I have been trying to take very detailed notes so it will not be a problem when the time comes for our first exam. To conclude, this semester seems like this semester will be smooth sailing when it comes to the writing aspect of my classes. I am hoping that with the help I receive from my writing class I can produce the best papers of my college career.

Free Essays on Aristotle’s Influence On Shakespeare’s Hamlet

Many people believe that Aristotle’s Poetics have greatly influenced the way that Shakespeare composed Hamlet. There are many instances in which this argument can be supported and other arguments where it just wouldn’t make sense. I think that Shakespeare was influenced by Aristotle’s idea, but I believe that he did not strictly follow Aristotle’s guide. I think that Shakespeare was his own person and not very influenced by other people’s works. Throughout Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and throughout Aristotle’s Poetics, there are similarities in themes and plot lines that may suggest influence from Aristotle. One of the main examples of Aristotle’s influence on Hamlet is the fact that according to Aristotle, a tragedy involves 6 parts of the story with a hierarchy of importance- the highest of which being the plot. This is shown in Hamlet, because the plot appears to be Shakespeare’s main focus of the story. Another argument is the fact that Aristotle said that the plot should not be complicated, instead it should be straightforward, but the plot in Hamlet is not simple at all. Another argument is that Aristotle said that in a tragedy, there must always be a tragic deed that will either be completed or not completed, but in Hamlet, it was completed. It is completed when Claudius arranges for Hamlet to be killed and eventually he does. There is also a point in Hamlet in that suggests that Shakespeare was not influenced by Aristotle’s Poetics. This point that suggests that Shakespeare wasn’t influenced by Aristotle is the fact that the hero’s downfall or misfortune was not caused by his own hamartia. Aristotle states that the hero’s downfall should be due to his own hamartia, but in my opinion, it was Claudius’ fault. Another argument not supporting the idea of Shakespeare's influence is that Aristotle stated in his Poetics that the hero of the tragedy must go from a life of happiness to a life of misery. This is ... Free Essays on Aristotle’s Influence On Shakespeare’s Hamlet Free Essays on Aristotle’s Influence On Shakespeare’s Hamlet Many people believe that Aristotle’s Poetics have greatly influenced the way that Shakespeare composed Hamlet. There are many instances in which this argument can be supported and other arguments where it just wouldn’t make sense. I think that Shakespeare was influenced by Aristotle’s idea, but I believe that he did not strictly follow Aristotle’s guide. I think that Shakespeare was his own person and not very influenced by other people’s works. Throughout Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and throughout Aristotle’s Poetics, there are similarities in themes and plot lines that may suggest influence from Aristotle. One of the main examples of Aristotle’s influence on Hamlet is the fact that according to Aristotle, a tragedy involves 6 parts of the story with a hierarchy of importance- the highest of which being the plot. This is shown in Hamlet, because the plot appears to be Shakespeare’s main focus of the story. Another argument is the fact that Aristotle said that the plot should not be complicated, instead it should be straightforward, but the plot in Hamlet is not simple at all. Another argument is that Aristotle said that in a tragedy, there must always be a tragic deed that will either be completed or not completed, but in Hamlet, it was completed. It is completed when Claudius arranges for Hamlet to be killed and eventually he does. There is also a point in Hamlet in that suggests that Shakespeare was not influenced by Aristotle’s Poetics. This point that suggests that Shakespeare wasn’t influenced by Aristotle is the fact that the hero’s downfall or misfortune was not caused by his own hamartia. Aristotle states that the hero’s downfall should be due to his own hamartia, but in my opinion, it was Claudius’ fault. Another argument not supporting the idea of Shakespeare's influence is that Aristotle stated in his Poetics that the hero of the tragedy must go from a life of happiness to a life of misery. This is ...

Age of Exploration Essay Example for Free (#3)

Age of Exploration Essay ? The age of exploration had many varied effects on the countries involved, mainly Spain, France, and England. By establishing a prosperous empire in South America by conquering the native people, Spain became vastly wealthy off of the gold collected by its native subjects. However, since the native people were dying off rapidly due to the foreign diseases brought over by the Conquistadors, as well as malnutrition and fatigue, Spain and Portugal were the first to introduce slavery to the New World by replacing them with African slaves brought over by Portuguese slave traders. The silver mining by these slaves caused world trade to increase. Often, silver brought to Europe from America was then traded with China and other Asian countries, making silk, porcelain, and Indian spices more prevalent in Europe. Products from America that became popular in Europe included corn, potatoes, pineapples, and sugar cane. Many cultures spread and combined with others: Spanish missionaries converted natives to Christianity, which then combined the new Christian beliefs with the natives’ cultural traditions. Another example, Arabian coffee with American sugar became quite popular throughout Europe. Although saying that anyone who crossed the Atlantic (at least when referring to modern theories) truly discovered America is ridiculous, I believe that the first to do so was Leif Eriksson and his group of Vikings whose settlement was found in Canada. According to the Greenlander saga and the Eric saga, his father, Eric the Red, a Viking outlaw, discovered Greenland. In order to establish himself as a man separate from his father, Leif sailed to the west in order to discover his own land. He sailed west because there had been a rumor in Greenland for the past fifteen years of a merchant sailing from Iceland to Greenland whose ship had been blown off course in a storm. According to the rumor, the merchant claimed that there were three separate lands west of Greenland. Around the year 1000, Leif purchased the merchant’s ship from the story, and obtained directions from the same merchant. He set sail only for a few days, which was reportedly was miserable due to the conditions on the open boat. On this expedition, they were seeking trees, which were scare in Greenland, but abundant in what is now northern Newfoundland, Canada, where the party landed. Leif named the new land Vinland after the wild grapes found there and the wine the grapes produced. Shortly thereafter, the settlers began to erect a settlement and scouted the land. In 1960, the archeologist and set out to find the fabled Vinland, using a four hundred year old Icelandic map and descriptions from the sagas. On the very northern tip of Newfoundland, they came across an area of mounds and ruins near a small town. Because the ruins predated the settlement of the area, the locals had always believed that Native Americans created the mounds. In fact, through almost seven years of painstaking excavations and radiocarbon testing, it was proven that the ruins were of a settlement dating back to the year 1000. Various artifacts found at the site also confirmed its Norse origins. Archeologists have gone so far as to pinpoint which ‘house’ was Leif Eriksson’s, based on size and complexity of the structure. I believe that Leif Eriksson was the first to cross the Atlantic and settle in America because of many factors. The radiocarbon dating of the site which puts it at 1000 C. E. immediately eliminates any of the explorers from the age of exploration, as well as the Chinese in 1492, in addition to the obvious implausibility of traveling above Canada in ice riddled waters in a flimsy wooden vessel. A case could perhaps be made for the merchant in the sagas who started the rumor, but as with all epic stories, the Icelanders who were the ones to transcribe the sagas based on oral stories, may have simply added him in as a fictional supporting character. Because of this and other equally plausible scenarios, I have to concede that Leif Eriksson was the first to reach the New World by crossing the Atlantic. There is confusion among certain people about whether America was colonized because of a desire for more money on the part of England or because the colonists were seeking religious freedom from the Roman Catholic Church. This confusion stems mainly from the watered down version of Jamestown and the Mayflower that we teach students at a young age. While it is true that Puritans did indeed come to the New World seeking religious freedom, the initial desire to colonize America was all about the desire for wealth. Because of Spain’s conquests in South America, the gold it had acquired from the natives and silver mining had made the country vastly wealthy and other nations were eager to get their share of the riches. America also had an abundant supply of farmland at a time when many farmers had small farms that they toiled over in an effort to merely support their families. In addition, as more settlers moved to America and created a demand for indulgences that they were accustomed to in Europe, the companies that sold such items made more money because of the higher prices the settlers had to pay in order to accommodate shipping costs. In short, while religious freedom was a noble and idealistic dream, it wouldn’t benefit anyone or make any money, which is what people were chiefly concerned with. How would America be different if it had been settled one hundred years later, in 1592? To begin with, it probably would not be called ‘America’. America is so named after Amerigo Vespucci; however, as he died in 1512, it is unlikely that we would have been named after him. Perhaps we would be named Raleigh, after Walter Raleigh, a British explorer of both North and South America in our actual history. Christopher Columbus would not be in history books, as he would not have been to Raleigh. Native Americans thus would have never been referred to as Indians. Because of our late start as a nation, it is reasonable to assume that certain historical events in our country would be delayed, let us say, fifty years or so. Because colonization was delayed, it would take longer for tensions to raise between the colonists and the French, so the French and Indian War would not have started in 1689, but around 1739 instead. This in turn would delay the Seven years war and thus the taxed imposed by the British that led to the American Revolution, which would now begin in 1825. Thus, we would have the Declaration of Independence on July 4th, 1826 and become our own country in 1833. Or alternatively, because of the differing technology, we might have lost the war and still been English today. But lets assume that we won and Raleigh was founded. I believe the Civil War would have been delayed as well until 1911, three years before World War One started. Both world wars, because we did not start them, would have happened the same years as they actually did, 1914 and 1939 respectably. However, I believe that the issue of civil and women’s’ rights would have been later in coming, perhaps in the 80’s. We would probably be dealing with racism more than gay rights today, if that were the case. And our music would be behind as well, so 60’s music today would then be 80’s music now. Age of Exploration. (2016, Oct 23).

Museums and Utopian thought Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Museums and Utopian thought - Essay Example When considering art objects it’s clear that they have a distinct source of power over people. Kirshenblatt-Gimblet (2000) articulates a notion of art objects as taking on powerful symbolic elements when viewed as message of representatives of social relations among people. In terms of art objects, one of the primary power sources is clearly the nature of their inclusion within the museum. The inclusion of the art into the museum or gallery format imbues the object with an institutional or social sense of recognition. Notably, Kirshenblatt-Gimblet (2000, p. 7) states, â€Å"the museum tends to be conserving and conservative institution, subject to the catalyzing effects of avant- garde artists that engage and attempt to destabilize its very premises on the premises†¦to appeal to a wider public.† This is a contrasting understanding of the meaning or ‘power’ of the art object, as gaining its significance from its resistance of cooptation of the museum or gallery, with the museum acting as a catalyst to this resistance. Still, it is ultimately the institution of the museum that motivates or ‘catalyzes’ this meaning, ultimately giving the object its power. Kirshenblatt-Gimblett (2004) proposes a vision of the museum as a history of utopian thought. In many regards, it’s clear that the museum does act as a sort exemplification of utopian ideals. This notion follows two modes of thought, as both the structural nature of the museum itself is recognized as encouraging this utopian identification, as well as the idealistic intentions of the artwork within the museum. In terms of physical elements of the museum consider Kirshenblatt-Gimblett (2004, p. 1) who states, The museum is at once an architectural form, a concrete environment for reflection, a reservoir of tangibilities, a school for the senses, a space of